Fathers and Sons

Fathers and Sons is a seminal work by Russian author Ivan Turgenev that explores the generational divide in 19th-century Russia. Published in 1862, the novel centers on the conflict between the older, liberal aristocracy and the younger, nihilistic radicals, embodied by the characters of Arkady Kirsanov and his friend Bazarov. Turgenev's masterpiece is widely considered one of the greatest Russian novels of the 19th century, known for its psychological insight and nuanced portrayal of social upheaval.

Translated from Russian by Bernard Isaacs